OOC: Character Creation
Are you guilty? Yes!
Each character has committed the crimes for which they are imprisoned, and those crimes need to be serious enough that transportation or execution are a very real possiblity.
Do you know one another?
Possibly not, if your backgrounds are diverse. Some of you might have heard of one another. A Svengali probably knows a lot of the major players in various fields. Newspapers reported court proceedings in intimate detail, so there may be a chance you have read about someone in a paper - presuming you can read at all. Universal education was not yet a thing, so those of poor, working-class stock might not be literate. Some of you might have been imprisoned together, but this seems unlikely, given the various extreme options available for different prisoners.
Where were you imprisoned?
That depends on what you have done. Theft, murder, and so forth, were common crimes. If you committed a crime in Liverpool, and the warrant was issued there, then you would be dragged back to Liverpool, regardless of where you were caught. However, very serious, high profile crimes would mean the villain would be sent to the courts in London. Dick Turpin, for example, was arrested in Yorkshire. But he was a big deal. So off to Newgate Prison he went, to await trial.
There were a lot of prisons in London. Millbank and Pentonville were relatively new, and designed for long-term incarceration, or holding prisoners prior to transportation. They were meant to replace the prison hulks on the Thames, but with the reduction in capital punishment, prison populations actually rose. If you were a very low class, violent, unrepentant criminal, you could be chained in a hulk, like Magwitch in Great Expectations. From there, you would work at hard labour in the dockyards until your ship was ready to sail to the colonies (Australia or South Africa, in this time period.) Death from disease in prison hulks was almost guaranteed if you were there more than a couple of months. They were vile, cruel places.
Newgate Prison was still the primary place to lock up those condemned to die, or violent criminals serving custodial sentences. For the poor, it was not much better than the hulks. For those with money, you could live well in prison. The turnkeys would charge fairly high fees, but if you could afford them, you could have a suite of rooms, good food, good wine, family to live with you or visit, and they would even go and procure you a prostitute and some good reading matter to while away the time. True, you were not allowed out, but for some who were worried about others seeking revenge on them, this form of incarceration was actually a good way to be safe. Jailers took very good care of their wealthy prisoners, as a lot of their income came from bribes - known as Garnish.
Places like the Fleet Prison and the Marshalsea Prison mostly held debtors, but non-violent criminals would still be there. Non-violent was a relative term. Dickens paints a very rosy picture of the Marshalsea in Little Dorrit, but in reality, it was nowhere near as pleasant. It was dirty, grim, and highly authoritarian - but still better than a workhouse. Prisoners would stab one another in the back over the smallest of sums of money, and bullying in prison was as rife there as anywhere else. However, for those who did have some money - either by being debtors with someone paying their way, or from not being imprisoned for debt - life could be rosy. The streets around the Marshalsea were mostly inhabited by prisoners. Those considered low-risk of escape could live there, work, and have perfectly normal lives, just so long as they turned up for roll call on time. In one case, a prisoner got work as a member of the team on the mail coaches going from London to York, and it was a long time before the prison authorities realised what he was up to. Like Newgate, garnish could also get you a very comfortable life.
Garnish was not available in Pentonville or Millbank. They were designed the way we see prisons today. Bribes might get you more food, or contraband. But you wouldn't get better rooms. They simply did not exist. They were brutal places, but the brutality was all from the jailers. The constant isolation of prisoners in separate cells was seen as ideal, as it prevented disease and violence, and dehumanised the prisoners. While many decried this as cruel, it soon became the norm.
There is one further option: transportation. Technically, most people were transported for fixed periods, usually five or seven years, or life. At the end of the few years most people received as a sentence, they were allowed to return home. If they could. Most could not afford to, and did not want to face the gruelling, miserable journey of months at sea. Some, however, did return, and they did so before their sentence was up. Returning illegally was a capital crime, but usually those caught were spared execution and sent right back out to the colonies again. The lady who was the real-life inspiration for Moll Flanders supposedly crossed the Atlantic anything up to eight times in as many years, on one occasion being sent out via transportation for having returned before her time, arriving at the docks in America, and then getting onto a ship home, without ever actually leaving the quayside. Her example is somewhat extreme, but illegal return from the colonies was a fairly common thing, if the court transcripts are to be believed.
This message was last edited by the GM at 17:22, Mon 18 Sept 2017.